Gịnị bụ Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer?

Gịnị bụ Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer?

Polyurethane elastomer bụ ụdị ihe e ji emepụta polyurethane (ụdị ndị ọzọ na-ezo aka na ụfụfụ polyurethane, ihe nrapado polyurethane, mkpuchi polyurethane na eriri polyurethane), Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer bụkwa otu n'ime ụdị polyurethane elastomer atọ, Ndị mmadụ na-akpọkarị ya TPU (ụdị polyurethane elastomer abụọ ndị ọzọ bụ polyurethane elastomers a kpụrụ akpụ, nke a na-akpọ CPU, na polyurethane elastomers a gwakọtara agwakọta, nke a na-akpọ MPU).

TPU bụ ụdị polyurethane elastomer nke enwere ike iji plastik mee ka ọ dị ọkụ ma gbazee site na ihe mgbaze. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere CPU na MPU, TPU enweghị njikọ kemịkalụ dị nta ma ọ bụ enweghị njikọ kemịkalụ na nhazi kemịkalụ ya. Agbụ molekul ya bụ nke kwụ ọtọ, mana enwere ụfọdụ njikọ anụ ahụ. Nke a bụ elastomer polyurethane Thermoplastic nke nwere nnukwu njirimara na nhazi.

Nhazi na nhazi nke TPU

Elastomer nke Thermoplastic polyurethane bụ polima linear blọk (AB). A na-anọchite anya polima polyol (ester ma ọ bụ polyether, ibu molekul nke 1000 ~ 6000) nwere oke molekul dị elu, nke a na-akpọ ogologo yinye; B na-anọchite anya diol nwere atọm carbon agbụ ígwè 2-12, nke a na-akpọ obere yinye.

N'ime nhazi nke Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, a na-akpọ akụkụ A akụkụ dị nro, nke nwere njirimara nke mgbanwe na ịdị nro, na-eme ka TPU nwee ike ịgbatị; A na-akpọ agbụ urethane nke mmeghachi omume dị n'etiti akụkụ B na isocyanate akụkụ siri ike, nke nwere ma ihe siri ike ma ihe siri ike. Site na ịgbanwe oke nke akụkụ A na B, a na-emepụta ngwaahịa TPU nwere ihe dị iche iche nke anụ ahụ na ihe mekaniki.

Dịka usoro nkewa dị nro si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ụdị polyester, ụdị polyether, na ụdị butadiene, nke nwere otu ester, otu ether, ma ọ bụ otu butene n'otu n'otu. Dịka usoro nkewa siri ike si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ụdị urethane na ụdị urethane urea, nke a na-enweta site na ihe ndọtị ethylene glycol ma ọ bụ ihe ndọtị nke diamine chain. A na-ekewa nkewa a na-ahụkarị n'ụdị polyester na ụdị polyether.

Kedu ihe ndị bụ isi maka mmepụta TPU?

(1) Polymer Diol

Diol macromolecular nke nwere oke molekul dị site na 500 ruo 4000 na otu abụọ na-arụ ọrụ, nke nwere ọdịnaya 50% ruo 80% na TPU elastomer, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na njirimara anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ nke TPU.

Enwere ike kewaa polima Diol nke dabara adaba maka TPU elastomer n'ime polyester na polyether: polyester gụnyere polytetramethylene Adipic acid glycol (PBA) ε PCL, PHC; Polyether gụnyere polyoxypropylene ether glycol (PPG), tetrahydrofuran polyether glycol (PTMG), wdg.

(2) Diisocyanate

Ibu molekul dị obere mana ọrụ ya dị oke mma, nke na-arụ ọrụ nke ijikọ akụkụ dị nro na akụkụ siri ike, kamakwa ọ na-enye TPU ọtụtụ ihe dị mma na nke mekaniki. Diisocyanates ndị metụtara TPU bụ: Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), methylene bis (-4-cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI), p-phenyldiisocyanate (PPDI), 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), p-phenyldimethyl diisocyanate (PXDI), wdg.

(3) Ihe ndọtị agbụ ígwè

Ihe ndọtị yinye nwere oke molekul nke 100~350, nke sitere na obere molekul Diol, obere ibu molekul, nhazi yinye mepere emepe na enweghị otu nnọchi anya na-enyere aka inweta ike dị elu na oke ibu scalar nke TPU. Ihe ndọtị yinye dabara adaba maka TPU gụnyere 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 1,4-bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene (HQEE), 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), p-phenyldimethylglycol (PXG), wdg.

Mgbanwe Ngwa nke TPU dị ka Ihe Nnọchiteanya Na-eme Ka Ihe Sie Ike

Iji belata ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa ma nweta arụmọrụ ọzọ, enwere ike iji polyurethane thermoplastic elastomers dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe sie ike nke ukwuu iji mee ka ihe dị iche iche na-eme ka ihe ndị a na-akpọ thermoplastic na roba gbanwee sie ike.

N'ihi oke polarity ya, polyurethane nwere ike dakọtara na polar resins ma ọ bụ roba, dị ka chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), nke enwere ike iji mepụta ngwaahịa ahụike; Ịgwakọta ya na ABS nwere ike dochie thermoplastics injinia maka ojiji; Mgbe ejiri ya na polycarbonate (PC), ọ nwere ihe ndị dị ka iguzogide mmanụ, iguzogide mmanụ, na iguzogide mmetụta, a pụkwara iji ya mee ahụ ụgbọala; Mgbe ejikọtara ya na polyester, ike ya ka mma; Na mgbakwunye, ọ nwere ike dakọtara nke ọma na PVC, Polyoxymethylene ma ọ bụ PVDC; Polyester polyurethane nwere ike dakọtara nke ọma na roba Nitrile 15% ma ọ bụ ngwakọta roba nitrile/PVC 40%; Polyether polyurethane nwekwara ike dakọtara nke ọma na 40% nitrile roba/polyvinyl chloride ngwakọta; Ọ nwekwara ike dakọtara na acrylonitrile styrene (SAN) copolymers; Ọ nwere ike ịmepụta nhazi netwọk interpenetrating (IPN) yana polysiloxanes reactive. Emepụtalarị ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nrapado agwakọtara akpọrọ n'elu.

N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, e nweela nnyocha na-abawanye ụba gbasara ime ka POM sie ike site na TPU na China. Ngwakọta nke TPU na POM abụghị naanị na ọ na-eme ka iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu na njirimara igwe nke TPU ka mma, kamakwa ọ na-eme ka POM sie ike nke ukwuu. Ụfọdụ ndị nchọpụta egosila na na nnwale mgbawa nrụgide, ma e jiri ya tụnyere matrix POM, POM alloy na TPU agbanweela site na mgbawa gbajiri agbaji gaa na mgbawa ductile. Mgbakwunye nke TPU na-enyekwa POM arụmọrụ ebe nchekwa ọdịdị. Mpaghara kristal nke POM na-eje ozi dị ka usoro edobere nke alloy ebe nchekwa ọdịdị, ebe mpaghara amorphous nke TPU amorphous na POM na-eje ozi dị ka usoro a na-agbanwe agbanwe. Mgbe okpomọkụ nzaghachi mgbake bụ 165 ℃ na oge mgbake bụ sekọnd 120, ọnụego mgbake nke alloy ahụ ruru ihe karịrị 95%, mmetụta mgbake ahụ bụkwa nke kacha mma.

Ọ na-esiri ike ikwekọ TPU na ihe ndị na-abụghị polar dịka polyethylene, polypropylene, roba Ethylene propylene, roba butadiene, roba isoprene ma ọ bụ ntụ roba mkpofu, a pụghịkwa iji ya mepụta ihe ndị mejupụtara ya nke ọma. Ya mere, a na-ejikarị usoro ọgwụgwọ elu dị ka plasma, corona, kemistri Wet, primer, ọkụ ma ọ bụ gas reactive eme ihe maka nke ikpeazụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụlọ ọrụ American Air Products and Chemicals emeela ọgwụgwọ elu gas F2/O2 na ntụ ntụ polyethylene dị oke elu nke nwere oke ibu molekul nke nwere oke molekul nke 3-5 nde, ma tinye ya na polyurethane elastomer na oke nke 10%, nke nwere ike ime ka modulus Flexural ya ka mma nke ukwuu, ike nrụgide na iguzogide iyi. Enwere ike itinye ọgwụgwọ elu gas F2/O2 na eriri dị mkpụmkpụ nke nwere ogologo 6-35mm, nke nwere ike ime ka ike na ike ndọda nke ihe mejupụtara ahụ ka mma.

Kedu ebe ngwa TPU dị?

Na 1958, Goodrich Chemical Company (nke a na-akpọzi Lubrizol ugbu a) debanyere aha TPU Estane maka oge mbụ. N'ime afọ 40 gara aga, e nwere ihe karịrị aha 20 n'ụwa niile, akara ọ bụla nwekwara ọtụtụ usoro ngwaahịa. Ugbu a, ndị na-emepụta ihe TPU bụ isi n'ụwa bụ: BASF, Covestro, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, McKinsey, Golding, wdg.

Dịka ezigbo elastomer, TPU nwere ọtụtụ ngwaahịa dị iche iche, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe kwa ụbọchị, ihe egwuregwu, ihe egwuregwu, ihe ịchọ mma, na ihe ndị ọzọ. N'okpuru ebe a bụ ihe atụ ole na ole.

① Ihe eji akpụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ

A na-ejikarị TPU eme ihe maka ihe akpụkpọ ụkwụ n'ihi na ọ na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ọma ma na-eguzogide iyi. Ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ nwere TPU dị mma iyi karịa ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ nkịtị, yabụ a na-ejikarị ha eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị elu, ọkachasị ụfọdụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ egwuregwu na akpụkpọ ụkwụ nkịtị.

② Poses

N'ihi ịdị nro ya, ike nrụgide dị mma, ike mmetụta ya, na iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu na nke dị ala, a na-ejikarị sọks TPU eme ihe na China dị ka sọks gas na mmanụ maka ngwa igwe dịka ụgbọelu, tankị, ụgbọala, ọgba tum tum, na ngwaọrụ igwe.

③ USB

TPU na-enye ikike iguzogide anya mmiri, iguzogide iyi, na njirimara ịgbagọ agbagọ, yana oke okpomọkụ na oke iguzogide okpomọkụ bụ isi ihe na-eme ka arụmọrụ eriri rụọ ọrụ. Ya mere, n'ahịa China, eriri ndị dị elu dịka eriri njikwa na eriri ike na-eji TPUs iji chebe ihe mkpuchi nke imewe eriri dị mgbagwoju anya, ngwa ha na-aghọwanye nke ukwuu.

④ Ngwaọrụ ahụike

TPU bụ ihe nnọchi PVC dị nchebe, kwụsiri ike ma dị elu, nke na-enweghị Phthalate na ihe ndị ọzọ na-emerụ kemịkalụ ahụ, ọ ga-akwagakwa n'ọbara ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri ndị ọzọ dị na katita ahụike ma ọ bụ akpa ahụike iji kpata mmetụta ọjọọ. Ọzọkwa, enwere ike iji TPU nke ọkwa extrusion na ọkwa injection eme ihe nke ọma site na iji obere debugging na ngwaọrụ PVC dị ugbu a.

⑤ Ụgbọala na ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme njem

Site n'itinye ma tee ákwà naịlọn n'akụkụ abụọ nke ákwà naịlọn na polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, a pụrụ imepụta rafts agha a na-afụ afụ na rafts nyocha nke nwere mmadụ 3-15, nke nwere arụmọrụ ka mma karịa rafts roba a na-afụ afụ afụ afụ; Enwere ike iji elastomer thermoplastic polyurethane nke ejiri eriri iko mee ka akụkụ ahụ dị ka akụkụ a kpụrụ akpụ n'akụkụ abụọ nke ụgbọala ahụ, akpụkpọ ọnụ ụzọ, ihe mgbochi esemokwu, na grilles.