Kedu ihe bụ Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer?

Kedu ihe bụ Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer?

Polyurethane elastomer bụ ihe dị iche iche nke polyurethane sịntetik (ụdị ndị ọzọ na-ezo aka na ụfụfụ polyurethane, polyurethane adhesive, polyurethane mkpuchi na polyurethane fiber), na Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer bụ otu n'ime ụdị atọ nke polyurethane elastomer, ndị mmadụ na-ezo aka na ya dị ka TPU. Ụdị isi abụọ ndị ọzọ nke polyurethane elastomer bụ nkedo polyurethane elastomers, nke akpọchiri dị ka CPU, na ngwakọta polyurethane elastomers, nke akpọchiri dị ka MPU).

TPU bụ ụdị polyurethane elastomer nke nwere ike ịme plastik site na kpo oku ma gbazee site na ihe mgbaze. E jiri ya tụnyere CPU na MPU, TPU nwere ntakịrị ma ọ bụ enweghị njikọ kemịkalụ na nhazi kemịkal ya. Yinye molekụla ya bụ ahịrị n'ụzọ bụ isi, mana enwere ụfọdụ njikọ njikọ anụ ahụ. Nke a bụ Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer nke nwere ezigbo njirimara na nhazi.

Ọdịdị na nhazi ọkwa nke TPU

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer bụ polymer linear (AB). A na-anọchi anya polymer polyol (ester ma ọ bụ polyether, molecular arọ nke 1000 ~ 6000) na elu molekul arọ, na-akpọ ogologo yinye; B na-anọchite anya diol nwere atom carbon carbon 2-12 kwụ ọtọ, nke a na-akpọ yinye dị mkpụmkpụ.

Na nhazi nke Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, a na-akpọ akụkụ A nke dị nro, nke nwere njirimara nke mgbanwe na ịdị nro, na-eme ka TPU nwee extensibility; A na-akpọ eriri urethane nke mmeghachi omume dị n'etiti B na isocyanate bụ akụkụ siri ike, nke nwere ma ihe siri ike na nke siri ike. Site n'ịgbanwe nha nke akụkụ A na B, a na-emepụta ngwaahịa TPU nwere ihe dị iche iche anụ ahụ na arụ ọrụ.

Dị ka usoro akụkụ dị nro si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya na ụdị polyester, ụdị polyether, na ụdị butadiene, nke nwere otu ester, otu ether, ma ọ bụ butene. Dị ka akụkụ nke siri ike si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ụdị urethane na urethane urea, nke a na-enweta site na ethylene glycol chain extenders ma ọ bụ diamine chain extenders. A na-ekewa nhazi nke a na-ahụkarị na ụdị polyester na ụdị polyether.

Kedu ihe bụ akụrụngwa maka njikọ TPU?

(1) Polymer Diol

Diol macromolecular nwere ịdị arọ molekụla sitere na 500 ruo 4000 na otu bifunctional, yana ọdịnaya nke 50% ruo 80% na TPU elastomer, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na akụrụngwa anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ nke TPU.

Na polymer Diol kwesịrị ekwesị maka TPU elastomer nwere ike kewaa polyester na polyether: polyester gụnyere polytetramethylene Adipic acid glycol (PBA) ε PCL, PHC; Polyethers gụnyere polyoxypropylene ether glycol (PPG), tetrahydrofuran polyether glycol (PTMG), wdg.

(2) Diisocyanate

Ihe dị arọ nke molekụla dị ntakịrị ma ọrụ ahụ dị ịrịba ama, nke ọ bụghị nanị na-arụ ọrụ nke ijikọta akụkụ dị nro na akụkụ siri ike, kamakwa na-enye TPU ihe dị iche iche dị mma na anụ ahụ. Diisocyanates dị na TPU bụ: Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), methylene bis (-4-cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI), p-phenyldiisocyanate (PPDI), 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), p-phenyldimethyldiisocyanate. PXDI), wdg.

(3) Ihe ndọtị agbụ

The yinye extender na a molekụla arọ nke 100 ~ 350, nke obere molekụla Diol, obere molekul arọ, mepere yinye Ọdịdị na ọ dịghị onye nọchiri anya otu na-enyere aka inweta elu hardness na elu scalar arọ nke TPU. Ndị na-agbatị yinye kwesịrị ekwesị maka TPU gụnyere 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 1,4-bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene (HQEE), 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), p-phenyldimethylglycol (PXG), wdg.

Ngwa mgbanwe nke TPU dị ka onye na-eme ihe ike

Iji belata ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa ma nweta arụmọrụ ọzọ, enwere ike iji polyurethane thermoplastic elastomers dị ka ihe ndị na-eme ka ike sie ike iji mee ka ihe dị iche iche na-ekpo ọkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe na rọba.

N'ihi nnukwu polarity ya, polyurethane nwere ike dakọtara na polar resins ma ọ bụ rubbers, dị ka chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), nke a pụrụ iji mee ngwaahịa ahụike; Ịgwakọta na ABS nwere ike dochie injinịa thermoplastics maka ojiji; Mgbe ejikọtara ya na polycarbonate (PC), ọ nwere ihe ndị dị ka nkwụsị mmanụ, mmanụ ọkụ, na mmetụta mmetụta, a pụkwara iji ya mee ozu ụgbọ ala; Mgbe ejikọtara ya na polyester, ike ya nwere ike imeziwanye; Na mgbakwunye, ọ nwere ike dakọtara nke ọma na PVC, Polyoxymethylene ma ọ bụ PVDC; Polyester polyurethane nwere ike dakọtara nke ọma na 15% Nitrile roba ma ọ bụ 40% nitrile roba / PVC ngwakọta; Polyether polyurethane nwekwara ike dakọtara nke ọma na 40% nitrile roba / polyvinyl chloride ngwakọta nrapado; Ọ nwekwara ike dakọtara na acrylonitrile styrene (SAN) copolymers; Ọ nwere ike ịmepụta netwọk interpenetrating (IPN) na polysiloxanes reactive. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nrapado agwakọta ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu ka ewepụtalarị n'ihu ọha.

N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, enwere nyocha na-arịwanye elu na-esi ike nke POM site na TPU na China. Ngwakọta nke TPU na POM abụghị naanị na-eme ka nguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa nke TPU, kamakwa na-emesi POM ike. Ụfọdụ ndị na-eme nchọpụta egosila na n'ime ule mgbawa mgbawa, ma e jiri ya tụnyere POM matrix, POM alloy na TPU agbanweela site na mgbaji na-agbaji agbaji gaa na ọkpụkpụ ductile. Mgbakwunye TPU na-enyekwa POM arụ ọrụ ebe nchekwa ọdịdị. Mpaghara kristal nke POM na-eje ozi dị ka akụkụ a kapịrị ọnụ nke alloy ebe nchekwa ọdịdị, ebe mpaghara amorphous nke TPU amorphous na POM na-eje ozi dị ka oge ntụgharị. Mgbe mgbake nzaghachi okpomọkụ bụ 165 ℃ na mgbake oge bụ 120 sekọnd, mgbake ọnụego nke alloy ruru n'elu 95%, na mgbake mmetụta kasị mma.

TPU siri ike dakọtara na ihe ndị na-abụghị polar polar dị ka polyethylene, polypropylene, Ethylene propylene roba, roba butadiene, roba isoprene ma ọ bụ uzuzu uzuzu, na enweghị ike iji mepụta ihe mgbagwoju anya na arụmọrụ dị mma. Ya mere, a na-ejikarị usoro ọgwụgwọ elu dị ka plasma, corona, Wet chemistry, primer, ire ọkụ ma ọ bụ gas na-emeghachi omume eme ihe maka nke ikpeazụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, American Air Products and Chemicals Company emeela F2/O2 na-arụ ọrụ gas n'elu ọgwụgwọ na ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fine powder with a molecular weight of 3-5 million, ma tinye ya na polyurethane elastomer na nha nke 10. %, nke nwere ike imeziwanye modul Flexural ya, ike ike ya na nguzogide eyi. Na F2/O2 na-arụ ọrụ gas n'elu ọgwụgwọ nwekwara ike tinye n'ọrụ na directionally elongated emep uta eri na ogologo nke 6-35mm, nke nwere ike melite isiike na akwa siri ike nke ihe mejupụtara.

Kedu mpaghara ngwa nke TPU?

Na 1958, Goodrich Chemical Company (nke a na-akpọzi Lubrizol) debanyere aha TPU Estane maka oge mbụ. N'ime afọ 40 gara aga, e nwere ihe karịrị 20 ika aha gburugburu ụwa, na nke ọ bụla ika nwere ọtụtụ usoro nke ngwaahịa. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ndị isi TPU akụrụngwa na-emepụta n'ụwa bụ: BASF, Covestro, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, McKinsey, Golding, wdg.

Dị ka elastomer magburu onwe ya, TPU nwere ọtụtụ ngwaahịa dị n'okpuru ala, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe dị mkpa kwa ụbọchị, ngwa egwuregwu, ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka, ihe ịchọ mma na ubi ndị ọzọ. N'okpuru bụ ihe atụ ole na ole.

① Ngwa akpụkpọ ụkwụ

A na-ejikarị TPU eme ihe maka akpụkpọ ụkwụ n'ihi ngbanwe ya dị mma ma na-eyi nguzogide. Ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ nwere TPU na-adị mma ka ọ na-eyi karịa ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ mgbe niile, ya mere a na-ejikarị ha eme ihe na ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ dị elu, karịsịa ụfọdụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ egwuregwu na akpụkpọ ụkwụ nkịtị.

② Hoses

N'ihi ịdị nro ya, ike ike dị mma, ike mmetụta, na iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu na nke dị ala, a na-eji TPU hoses eme ihe na China dị ka gas na mmanụ mmanụ maka ngwá ọrụ dị ka ụgbọ elu, tankị, ụgbọala, ọgba tum tum, na ngwá ọrụ igwe.

③ USB

TPU na-enye nkwụsi ike anya mmiri, nkwụsi ike na-eyi, na njirimara na-ehulata, na elu na obere okpomọkụ na-eguzogide bụ isi ihe na-arụ ọrụ USB. Ya mere, n'ahịa ndị China, eriri ndị dị elu dị ka eriri njikwa na eriri ọkụ na-eji TPU echebe ihe mkpuchi nke atụmatụ eriri mgbagwoju anya, na ngwa ha na-aghọwanye ebe niile.

④ Ngwa ahụike

TPU bụ ihe nchekwa, kwụsiri ike na elu PVC dochie anya, nke na-agaghị enwe Phthalate na ihe ndị ọzọ na-emerụ ahụ, ọ ga-akwaga n'ọbara ma ọ bụ mmiri mmiri ndị ọzọ na catheter ahụike ma ọ bụ akpa ahụike iji kpata mmetụta. Ọzọkwa, pụrụ iche mepụtara extrusion ọkwa na injection ọkwa TPU nwere ike mfe iji obere debugging na PVC dị adị.

⑤ Ụgbọ ala na ụzọ ụgbọ njem ndị ọzọ

Site na extruding na mkpuchi n'akụkụ abụọ nke nylon ákwà na polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, inflatable ọgụ ọgụ rafts na reconnaissance rafts na-ebu 3-15 mmadụ nwere ike ime, na-enwe nnọọ mma arụmọrụ karịa vulcanized roba inflatable rafts; Enwere ike iji polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer mesie akụkụ ahụ dị ka akụkụ a kpụrụ akpụ n'akụkụ abụọ nke ụgbọ ala n'onwe ya, akpụkpọ ọnụ ụzọ, ihe mgbochi, ibe mgbochi esemokwu, na grilles.