A na-akpọpolyurtanebụ ndebiri nke polyurethane, nke a na-emepụta site na mmeghachi omume nke polynocyanates na polylols, ma nwee ọtụtụ amino ester dị iche iche (- NH-Co-O Na polynetethane resins, na mgbakwunye na AMO esters, enwere otu ndị dị ka urea na biurte. Polylols bụ otu na-eme ka otu dị ogologo na njedebe hydroxy na njedebe, nke a na-akpọ "akụkụ dị nro", ebe a na-akpọ otu polisocyyates "akụkụ siri ike".
N'etiti otu polyurthethane resins site na akụkụ dị nro na akụkụ siri ike, naanị obere pasent bụ EMOC Acid Esta, yabụ ọ gaghị abụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị ịkpọ ha Polyururethane. Na sara mbara, polyurtethane bụ ihe na-atụ nke inocyanate.
E nwere ụdị monocyanates dị iche iche na-emeghachi omume nke polyhydroxy ogige iji nweta ihe dị iche iche nke polymerthane, dịka plastics, agbụ, eriri, wdg polyurtethane
Mpempe akwụkwọ polyurtethane bụ nke pụrụ iche ụdị rọba pụrụ iche, nke emere site na ime ihe na-eme ka pollester ma ọ bụ polyester na inocyanate. E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị n'ihi ụdị akụrụngwa dị iche iche, ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume, na ụzọ na-aga n'ihu. Site n'echiche na-emepụta ihe, enwere polyester na ụdị nke pollether, na usoro nhazi, enwere ụdị atọ: ụdị ịgwakọta, ụdị nkedo, yana ụdị nkedo, yana ụdị nkedo.
A na-ejikọ rootic polyethationals polherethazed site na imeghachi omume nke polycester ma ọ bụ polytocyanate ihe dị ala karị iji mepụta polymer elu molerer dị elu. Mgbe ahụ, a na-agbakwunye ihe kwesịrị ekwesị na-agagharị na-agbakwunye ma kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ iji gwọọ ya, ịghọ roba. A na-akpọ usoro a prepolymerization ma ọ bụ usoro abụọ.
Ọ ga - ekwe omume iji usoro nke otu - agwakọta kwụ ọtọ ma ọ bụ pleletter na ndị na - eme ihe na - aga n'ihu iji bido mmeghachi omume ma mepụta roorytane.
A-tegment na TPU Molecules na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ịgbagharị, na-eme ka ọ dị nro karị, na -ebelata nke polymer, ma belata ya ike na ike ya. Ihe B-ngalaba ga-ejikọgharị ntụgharị nke macromecular dị nro, na-eme ka ihe dị nro na-abawanye, na-ebuwanye mmụba na igwe ọrụ, na mbelata na nhichapụ. Site na idozi oke molar n'etiti A na b, tpus na akụrụngwa dị iche iche arụ ọrụ. Ihe owuwu ejikọtara ọnụ nke TPU na-enweghị ike ịtụle ụzọ dị iche iche, kamakwa njikọta nke abụọ na-ejikọ site na njikọ hydrogen n'etiti ụmụ irighiri ihe. Njikọ nke Polyorurethane dị iche na usoro nke Rydronalyylyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy A na-ahazi otu amino ester, bionet otu, ure etolitela otu na otu ndị ọzọ na-arụkarị, nke na-ebute usoro netwọkụ mgbe niile, nke nwere ezigbo iyi na-eguzogide na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ. Nke abuo, n'ihi onu ogugu nke otutu ihe di egwu dika urea ma obu ndi otu agbụ nke a na-eme ka ọ dị elu, na njigide nke abụọ na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na Njirimara nke roo polyurethan. Njikọ nke abụọ na-eme ka a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ roorytane nwere njiri mara nke ndị na-elatatomers nke dị n'otu, na n'aka nke ọzọ, ejikọtaghị ya nke ọma, na-eme ya otu njikọta. Ọnọdụ Njikọ na-adabere na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ. Dị ka ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-abawanye, jikọrọ nke nta nke nta nke nta nke nta na-esikwa ike ma na-apụ n'anya. Polymer nwere ụfọdụ mmiri ma enwere ike idobe ya na nhazi ikuku. Mgbe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-ebelata, nke ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbazigharị ma na-etolite ọzọ. Ihe mgbakwunye nke obere ego na-abawanye anya n'etiti moleciles, na-eme ka ikike ịbepụta hydrogen n'etiti ụmụ irighiri mmiri, ma na-eduga mbelata nke ike. Nchọpụta egosila na usoro nkwụsi ike na roba roba na polyurethane site na elu dị ala bụ: Esta, uerea, carbamate, na biotet. N'oge ịka nká nke roo poyurethane, nzọụkwụ mbụ bụ ịgbaji nke agbụ na-ejikọ na urea na urea, na-esochi agbụ nke carbamate na agbụ urea, na-agbaji.
01 di nro
Polyyorhethane Elistatomers, dị ka ọtụtụ ihe polymer, gbanye okpomọkụ na oke okpomọkụ na ntụgharị site na ọnọdụ na-agbanwe agbanwe na ọnọdụ viscous na-agbanwe agbanwe. Site n'echiche na-enweghị atụ, okpomoku dị nro nke ịdị ndụ na-adabere na ihe ndị mejupụtara kemịkalụ, ịdị arọ molecular, na njupụta.
N'ikwu na, ịba ụba oke molecular, na-abawanye ike nke akụkụ ahụ (dị ka na-ewebata mgbanaka Benzene n'ime molecule) na ịba ụba njupụta bụ ihe niile bara uru maka ịbawanye okpomoku dị nro. Maka ikuku elastomers, ihe eji eme mmiri bụ tumade linear, na ịdị nro nke elastomer na-abawanye mgbe ogo molecularị mụbara.
N'ihi na ogidi nke nwere ike jikọta nke polyurethan nke nwere ike idozi, njupụta na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu karịa ịdị arọ molecular. Ya mere, mgbe ị na-arụpụta nke ọma, na-abawanye arụmọrụ inocyyates ma ọ bụ ihe dị mkpa iji mee ka ọ dị mma na-eme ka ọ dị mma na-eme ka okpomọkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe.
Mgbe PPDI (PENYDIOCYIOCYENTY) dị ka akụrụngwa dị iche iche:
Site n'echiche nke anụ ahụ, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke elastomers na-adabere na ogo microphase nkewa. Dabere na akụkọ, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke elastomers na-anaghị adị ala mixomase dị obere, na-enwe oge ọ na-eme na mixomase nwere ike iru 130-150 ℃50. Ya mere, ịba ụba ogo microphase kewapụ na elastomers bụ otu n'ime ụzọ dị mma iji melite nguzo ha.
Enwere ike idozi ogo nke elastomers nke elastomers site na ịgbanwe nkesa molecular dị oke ibu nke otu akụkụ, si otú ahụ bulie iguzogide okpomoku ha. Ọtụtụ ndị na-eme nchọpụta kwenyere na ihe kpatara Microphase kewapụ na polyurethane bụ ihe na-enweghị mgbagha n'etiti akụkụ siri ike na akụkụ siri ike. Typedị nke ịgbatị, akụkụ siri ike na ọdịnaya ya, ụdị dị nro, na njikọta hydrogen niile nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ya.
E jiri ya tụnyere mmiri dị ka moonine yeanine - 3,3-Dichloro-4,3-Dichloro-Bichloro-Bichloro-Bichloro-Bichloro-Biotomenanine) Ogo nke kenyere ikike iche na ndị na-ela mbara; Ndị na-agbatịkwu ụda dị ka p, p-dihydroquinone, na hydroquinone bara uru maka njikọta nke akụkụ siri ike, si otú a na-eme ka mixomases kewaa.
Amino ester nke Alinomatic na-enwe ezigbo ndakọrịta na akụkụ dị nro, na-ebute akụkụ siri ike karị na akụkụ dị nro, na-ebelata ogo nke nkewapụ. Amino ester nke Audino nke na-enweghị ndakọrịta na mpaghara dị nro, ebe ogo microphase kewara dị elu dị elu. Polyle na Polyurtane nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ microphase nkewapụ nke nkewa ahụ bụ na akụkụ dị nro anaghị eto Hydrogen naanị nwere ike ime naanị na ngalaba siri ike.
Mmetụta nke njikọta hydrogen na ebe a na-asa ahụ elastome dịkwa mkpa. Ọ bụ ezie na polyethers na carbonyls na akụkụ dị nro nwere ike itolite nkekọ hydrogen na NH na akụkụ siri ike nke ndị ochie. Ekwenyewo na agbụ hydrogen ka na-ejigide 40% na 200 ℃.
02 Warmal WarMal
Amino Ester dị iche iche na-agagharị na nduzi na oke okpomọkụ:
- rnhcoor - rnc0 ho-r
- Rnhcoor - Rnh2 Co2 ENE
- Rnhcoor - Rnhr Co2 ENE
E nwere ụdị usoro ihe atọ nke ihe ọkụkụ nke ihe ọkụkụ nke polyurethane dabere:
① Na-etolite coucyanates na polyls;
Bondtù Sench na Cary na-agbaji ma na-agwakọta otu njikọ hydrogen na Chroge Chroid na-etolite amino acid na alkenes. Amino acid debere otu amine pranine na carbon dioxide:
③ Na-etolite abụba nke abụọ na carbon dioxide.
Ihe ndozi nke carbamate:
Arl Nhco arl, ~ 120 ℃;
N-alkyl-Nhco-ayl, ~ 180 ℃;
Arl Nhco n-alkyl, ~ 200 ℃;
N-alkyl-NHCO-N-Alkyl, ~ 250 ℃.
Nkwụsi ike nke Amino Acid na-emetụta ụdị mmalite ihe ndị dị ka Monocyanates na polyls. Aliphatic Mosocyates dị elu karịa oke inocyanates, ebe ị alcoholụ mmanya na-egbu mara mma karịa mmanya. Agbanyeghị, akụkọ akwụkwọ ahụ na-akọ na ọkụ ọkụ nke Alific Acid dị n'agbata 160-180 ℃, na nke amino acid acid dị n'agbata 180-200 ℃, nke ekwekọghị na data dị n'elu. Ihe kpatara ya nwere ike ijikọ na usoro nnwale.
N'ezie, Aliphatic Chdi (1,4-cyclohyanane dienocyanate) na hdi (hexamethylene diemocyate) nwere oke iguzogide okpomoku nke arumatic meturi na TDI. Karịsịa na transmenti-a na-achọpụta ihe owuwu ka amata dị ka ihe mgbochi na-eguzogide okpomọkụ. Polyurethane Elitomers Kwadebere site na ya nwere ezigbo ọrụ na-eguzogide, nguzogide hydrolteging okpomọkụ, ọnọdụ ntụgharị dị ala, na nguzosi ike.
Na mgbakwunye na AMO Ester, ndị na-arụ ọrụ polyurethan nwekwara usoro ndị ọzọ arụ ọrụ, biurte, urea nwere ike ịta nsogbu ikuku na oke okpomọkụ:
NhConcoo - (Aliphatic kpụrụ), 85-105 ℃;
- NhConcoo - (aromatic kpụrụ), na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke 1-120 ℃;
- NhConhh - (Aliphatic Birat), na okpomọkụ sitere na 10 Celsius C ruo 110 Celsius C;
Nhconvh - (teromatic biurtet), 115-125 ℃;
Nhconh - (uliphatic urea), 140-180 ℃;
- NHConh - (URomatic Urea), 160-200 ℃;
Isocyanurate mgbanaka> 270 ℃.
Achịcha na-ekpo ọkụ nke ndurute na urea dabeere dị ala karịa nke amoformate na urea, ebe Inocyanurate nwere nkwụsi ike kachasị mma. Na mmepụta nke ndị elastomers, ike karịrị akarị na-emeghachi omume na e guzobere na urea iji mepụta urea dabere na ntọala dị na Biurat. Ọ bụ ezie na ha nwere ike ime ka akụrụngwa akụrụngwa nke elastomers, ha na-akwụghị ụgwọ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ.
Iji belata otu ikuku na-akwụghị ụgwọ dịka biertet na ulite na-etolite na elastomers, ọ dị mkpa ịtụle ogo ọrụ na usoro ha. Ekwesịrị iji oke ọfụma, a ga-eji usoro ndị ọzọ mee ihe dị ka o kwere mee iji na-agba mgbaaka na akụrụngwa (tumadikwa polyols), wee mata ha n'ime elastomer dịka usoro nkịtị. Nke a abụrụla usoro a na-ejikarị maka ịmepụta okpomọkụ na-eguzogide ọkụ na ọkụ polyurethethane nke poly.
03 hydrolysis na themal oxidation
Ndị myastameshethan na-eme ka ọ dị mma na akụkụ ha siri ike na ngwakọta kemịkalụ na mpaghara ha dị nro na oke okpomọkụ. Polyester Elistomers nwere nguzogide mmiri na-adịghị mma na oke ọchịchọ ka ukwuu na hydlolyze na oke okpomọkụ. Ndụ ọrụ nke polyester / tdi / di minine nwere ike iru 4-5 ọnwa na 50 ℃, naanị izu abụọ na 70 ℃, na ụbọchị ole na ole karịa 100 ℃. Akọ nke esta nwere ike imebi acid na mmanya kwekọrọ na mmiri na uzuoku, na urea na Amino esters nwere ike ikwu okwu:
RCOOR H20- → RLOEH
Mmanya
Otu RNHHCONHR Otu H20- → RXHOOH H2NR -
Uruamide
Otu rnhcoor-H20- → rncoe hoa -
Amino na-etolite Ester Amino gwọọ mmanya
Ndị na-eme nke ọma na-eme nke ọma nwere elastomod oxidation oxidation, na elatomers elatomen a na-eji ngwa ngwa, na-akpụ hydrogen peroxide. Mgbe o mezuru ihe ndozi na ime ihe omuma, o na - emeputa radides na hydroxyl, nke mechasia deputara ka o buru uzo ma obu aldehydes.
Ndị polyesters dị iche iche enweghị obere mmetụta na ikpo ọkụ nke elatomers, ebe polyyers dị iche iche nwere mmetụta ụfọdụ. E ji ya tụnyere TDI-PTMA-moca-ptmeg nwere ike ịnwe ike Tenmeg ike nke 44% na 60% n'otu oge na 121 ℃ Ruo ụbọchị asaa, nke ikpeazụ ahụ ka nke mbụ. Ihe kpatara ya nwere ike ịbụ na ppg molecules bụ ụdọ sarazị, nke na-agaghị enyere aka na nhazi oge nke molestic ma belata nguzogide okpomoku. Igwe nkwụsi ike nke polyethers bụ: ptmeg> PPG.
Ndị otu ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ na ndị ochie polyurethane, dị ka urea na carbamate, na-enwekwa mixhate na mmeghachi omume hydrolysis. Agbanyeghị, otu eyer bụ ngwa ngwa Oxidized, ebe a na-eme otu ihe eji eme ihe na-adịkarị mfe hdrolyzed. Usoro nke antioxidant na-emegide ya bụ:
Arụ Ọrụ Antioxidant: Esta> Urea> Carbamate> Ether;
Ntughari hydrolysis: Ester
Iji melite nguzogide oxidation nke polyurethan na nguzogide polyurhethane, a na-agbakwunye, ihe mgbakwunye na-agbakwunye, dị ka ịgbakwunye 1% phenolic antioxidant igbonox1010 ruo ptmeg pollether. Ike nke tensile nke eliomer a nwere ike ịbawanye site na 3-5 ugboro ma e jiri ya tụnyere antioxidants (nsonaazụ ule mgbe ịka nká na 1500c maka awa 168C ruo awa 168C). Mana ọ bụghị antioxidant ọ bụla nwere mmetụta na olatome nke polyurtethane, naanị phenalicant 1010 na tonionent, na-egbochi antioxidants na ndị na-akpachasị akwụkwọ. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi ihe dị mkpa nke otu ihe dị mkpa nke usoro nkwụsi ike nke ihe na-efe efe nke otu phordy hydyanate nke Polyls na-enweghị oke, a ga-agbakwunye ndị na-eme ihe na-egosi na prepymmers na akwụkwọ. Ọ bụrụ na agbakwunye n'oge mmepụta nke prepyymers, ọ ga - emetụta mmetụta siri ike.
Ihe mgbakwunye ahụ eji eji hydyysis nke olatomethane nke polyesters polytorethan na-eme ihe acidyliide na-eme nke Ester Ure estatetes na-eme ka acyl ulite na-eme ka acdrolysis. Ihe mgbakwunye Carbodimide na obere nkebi 2% ruo na 5% nwere ike ime ka mmiri kwụsie ike na polirrethane site na ugboro abụọ. Ke adianade do, na hexametyletetramine, azodicarbonamine, wdg nwekwara mmetụta hydrolysis.
Ihe njiri mara 44
Ndị eyermethane nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe mgbochi na-adọkpụ nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe mejupụtara ya na mmiri na-agbanwe agbanwe nke nwere okpomoku na-agbanwe agbanwe na otu mmiri. N'etiti ha, Oligomeric Polys ụdị na-agbanwe agbanwe, ebe DIOOOSCYAANAAS na obere molecleins kapịakọta ike. Ihe ndị a na-agbagha agbakwunyere nke usoro na-agbanwe agbanwe na nke dị oke ọnụ na-ekpebi arụmọrụ ha pụrụ iche:
(1) Nsi ike nke roba nkịtị bụ ihe dị n'etiti Shaoer A20-A90, ebe ihe siri ike nke plastic bụ ihe A95 Shaoer D100. Polyyorhethane nwere ike iru dị ala ka Shaoer A10 wee dị elu dị ka Shio D85, na-enweghị enyemaka maka enyemaka ahụ;
(2) A ka nwere ike na-enwe ike na-asọpụrụ dị ukwuu;
(3) Ezigbo iyi na-eguzogide, 2-10 nke roba eke;
(4) Ezigbo nguzogide mmiri, mmanụ, na kemịkalụ;
(5) Mmetụta Mmetụta Dị elu, Ike ọgwụgwụ na-eguzogide, na-eguzogide oge, kwesịrị ekwesị maka ngwa ndị na-eme mkpọtụ elu;
(6) Ezigbo ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, na obere okpomọkụ dị n'okpuru -30 ℃ ma ọ bụ -70 ℃;
(7) Ọ nwere arụmọrụ mkpuchi dị mma, na n'ihi ọnọdụ ikuku ya, ọ nwere mmetụta mkpuchi ka mma ma e jiri ya tụnyere roba na plasti;
(8) ezigbo biocompatatibility na ihe mgbochi anticoulant;
(9) Nkpuru mkpuchi eletrik kacha mma, na-eguzogide, na UV nkwụsi ike.
Enwere ike guzobere ndị eliomehet polyurethane site na iji otu usoro dị ka roba nkịtị, dị ka rọba, agwakọta, na oghere. Enwere ike ịkpụzi ha n'ụdị nke roba mmiri site na centrifugal ịkpụ, ma ọ bụ spraying. Enwere ike ịme ha n'ime ihe ma guzobere iji ogwu, apụpụ, na-aga, na-akpụ akpụ, na usoro ndị ọzọ. N'ụzọ dị otu a, ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-eme ka arụmọrụ ọrụ dị iche iche, mana ọ na-emekwa ka usoro ziri ezi na ọdịdị nke ngwaahịa ahụ
Oge Post: Dec-05-2023